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Centrifugal pumps play a crucial role in various industries, from oil and gas to water treatment. Understanding the terminology associated with centrifugal pumps is essential for anyone working with this equipment. In this article, we will explore different types of centrifugal pumps, the characteristics of a centrifugal pump, how centrifugal pumps work, and why they are used.
‘Centrifugal pump’ is the most common type of industrial pump. It is a pump equipped with a vaned impeller that, as it rotates, draws in liquid to its center, the eye, and discharges flow peripherally outward in a radial direction.
Different Types of Centrifugal Pumps
1. **Single-stage Centrifugal Pump**: This type of pump has only one impeller and is used for low-pressure applications.
2. **Multi-stage Centrifugal Pump**: These pumps have multiple impellers stacked together to achieve higher pressures.
3. **Vertical Centrifugal Pump**: The motor and pump shaft are arranged vertically in this type of pump, making it suitable for applications where space is limited.
4. **Horizontal Centrifugal Pump**: The motor and pump shaft are arranged horizontally, making it easy to access and maintain.
Characteristics of a Centrifugal Pump
- **Efficiency**: Centrifugal pumps are known for their high efficiency in converting mechanical energy into fluid flow.
- **Capacity**: The capacity of a centrifugal pump refers to the volume of fluid it can move in a given time.
- **Head**: Head is the height to which a pump can raise a fluid and is an important characteristic in selecting a pump for a specific application.
- **NPSH**: Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) is the difference between the suction pressure and the vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped.
Centrifugal Pumps: How They Work
A centrifugal pump uses an impeller to move liquid, in contrast to other types of pumps like positive displacement pumps. As the impeller rotates, energy is transferred to the fluid, propelling it through the pump and into the discharge line. The centrifugal force generated by the impeller pushes the liquid outwards, creating a vacuum at the center which draws more fluid into the pump.
Types of Pumps: Centrifugal
Centrifugal pumps can be classified based on various factors, including the number of impellers, orientation of the pump shaft, and the design of the casing. Understanding the different types of centrifugal pumps can help in selecting the right pump for a specific application.
What Does Centrifugal Pump Mean?
A centrifugal pump is a mechanical device that uses centrifugal force to transfer energy from a motor to a fluid, causing it to move through the pump and into a discharge line. These pumps are widely used in industries such as oil and gas, water treatment, and manufacturing.
Why Are Centrifugal Pumps Used?
Centrifugal pumps are preferred in many applications due to their high efficiency, ability to handle a wide range of flow rates, and ease of maintenance. They are commonly used for pumping water, chemicals, and petroleum products in various industries.
Centrifugal Pump Diagram and Explanation
Centrifugal Pump. A centrifugal pump uses an impeller to move liquid, in contrast to other types of pump (like positive displacement and ejector designs). As the impeller rotates, energy is transferred into the fluid, propelling …
In this animation, GEA Wesfalia illustrates the working principle of the GEA Westfalia CD 305-03-00 Decanter Centrifuge. This separating decanter for 3-phase.
centrifugal pump terms|centrifugal pumps how they work